Submitted article analyses ethical and moral issues in scientific work as well as in research. Apart from short historical development, the article also concerns with publishing of research with special regard to situations when breaching of ethical and moral principles occurs. Through concrete, practical situations we are providing examples of behaviour that is ethically and morally contentious or immoral and unethical. The last part of the article clarifies the importance of moral and ethical principles. We emphasize how important is to follow them not only in scientific research but they are important for the society as such as well.

The paper draws attention to the mutual cooperation of the family and the kindergarten, especially in the field of the childs adaptation to the kindergarten environment. These educational factors must cooperate so that the child can successfully adapt to institutional education. Cooperation has certain shortcomings that affect the satisfaction of both parties, and therefore the paper analyses not only the importance but also the possible issues. The analysed research showed barriers in cooperation of family and kindergarten such as reluctance of parents to spend time in order to deepen mutual relations with the teacher, wrong beliefs of parents about the cooperation importance, different preferences of values in families, as well as constant new requirements for teaching role. Despite the difficulty of the current educational activities of parents, in the context of workload, it is possible to talk about the active efforts of parents to participate in cooperation with the kindergarten.

Marginalized groups of Roma in Slovakia are accompanied by determinants that significantly reduce their quality of life. Poverty, which is the biggest accompanying phenomenon, is often associated with inappropriate housing. The individual housing units are connected in settlements, which are separated from the municipalities and towns where members of the majority live. This causes even greater social exclusion for the Roma. To survive often means to live in a settlement that represents a certain security, even though it is unsuitable housing for life. Contact with the majority sometimes takes place through community centers.

The assessment of ADHD (both childhood and adult form) typically involves traditional tests and questionnaires, without the use of any technology. Increasingly, computer-based tests are being administered. Testing designed for the virtual environment can be considered as more technically advanced. The potential of virtual reality was recognized in the field of ADHD rehabilitation and assessment too. The aim is to improve cognitive and executive functions through the use of virtual environments, especially the use of special games and cognitive tests and exercises. In this study, we will outline how virtual reality is currently being used in the assessment and rehabilitation of individuals with ADHD, and we will present further possibilities of its use, which covers reducing myths and prejudices against people with ADHD.

The restriction brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic have been relaxed and tightened at various stages. The quarantine caused by the pandemic often resulted in a worsened mental health. In our research, we focused on a sample of people who had the strictest restriction almost all the time since the outbreak of the pandemic N (159). The aim was to find out the levels of depression, loneliness, general health of clients living in nursing homes and at the same time to find out whether the levels change depending on age and frequency of contact with the family. We measured the levels of selected psychological parameters using the GHQ-12 (Goldberg, 1972) , BDI-6 (Blom, et al., 2012) a ULS-8 (Hays, DiMatteo, 1987). To achieve the goals, we used correlations that showed that the parameters increase with age and thus worsen. In terms of contact with the family, it can be said that people who showed higher contact had more favorable levels of psychological parameters.

Understanding the ideas of fundamental psychological approaches is frequently involved in the teaching of key psychology courses. Only in a small number of cases are specific courses implemented and the evaluation of pedagogical outcomes is often based on the knowledge assessment solely. Individual psychology is one of the most well-known psychological / therapeutic approaches that operates with approach-specific terms. Proper interpretation of individual terms is therefore a prerequisite for understanding this theory. Students coming to university might have relatively stable misconceptions in the field of psychology. In our study, we assumed that certain inaccuracies may appear in the knowledge related to the individual psychology. We therefore decided, using the method of free associations, to examine what perception those students who completed general psychological courses formed about individual psychology compared to those students who completed a specific, on individual psychology-oriented course. Our results suggest that there are both qualitative and quantitative differences between graduates and non-graduates of the specific course. Theoretical concepts along with the practical aspects of individual psychology are more represented among the graduates of a specific course. Non-graduate students would need to raise awareness of key concepts such as belonging, lifestyle and holism (while teaching general psychology courses), while graduates should pay more attention to concepts whose meaning differs from that used in the common language.

This paper presents partial results of our research, the aim of which was to design a training programme aimed at the development of the emotional intelligence of teachers and to verify its effectiveness. Our focus was to develop teachers emotional intelligence, which we consider crucial concerning the quality performance of the teaching profession. The research design took the form of an experiment with two experimental groups in which we implemented emotional intelligence training and two control groups that did not undergo any deliberate stimulation.

Children from severely disturbed and dysfunctional families come to childrens homes. Many members of these families have experience serving prison sentences. The main aim of this paper is to find out what effect this fact has on a child living in a childrens home. We worked with a qualitative research design. Our results show the severe impact of parental incarceration on the child. The most significant negative influence we observed was in the area of social competence. We propose modifying the educational process in the childrens home based on our outcomes. In the discussion, we will highlight the need for interdisciplinary cooperation and the need to involve the social sector.

The impact of obesity in child and adult populations regardless of health interventions represents a significant global challenge with an alarming increase in cases. Obesity can be defined as a significant multifactorial noninfectious chronic disease with a severe negative impact on the human organism. Increased body mass index belongs to modifiable health risk factors responsible for the development of musculoskeletal disorders. Our article focuses on the consequence of obesity and its potential influence on the etiology of musculoskeletal disorders in the population.

The paper points out the importance of the work and scope of application of the social pedagogue in schools and in school facilities in the Slovak Republic as a specialist employee. Social pedagogues, their practice in prevention, counseling, prophylaxis and intervention for pupils, parents, teachers is an integral part of social pedagogy and social work in schools. The position of social pedagogue helps in solving social and educational problems. It is assumed that this legislatively defined profession of a specialist school employee will be more profiled and defined in the school educational process in the future. Currently, the need for the function of a social pedagogue in schools is increasing in the detection of more and more frequently occurring socio-pathological phenomena in the students environment where they live. The environment itself can have a negative impact on a students education and behavior at school. Part of the paper is a questionnaire survey from respondents - teaching staff about their perception of the meaning and importance of a social pedagogue in schools.

In this paper we discuss about people are educated always in a certain historical time. We pay attention to the issue of lifelong learning, globalization trends in education policy, education as the priority of personal and social development, connection between education and qualification, changes in qualifications, and issues of adult education and labour market.

The nurses profession activities are determined by various factors of the working environment. Therefore, the presence or absence of some of those factors has a significant impact on nurses job satisfaction.

he aim of this is to clarify the mutual interaction between the perpetrator and the victim of the criminal act of dangerous stalking, the so-called stalking, generally considered a specific variant of violence, the main feature of which is the obsessive fixation of a known or unknown subsequent perpetrator on a certain person whom he harasses and shows unsolicited and unwanted attention. Stalking is considered to be a relatively modern phenomenon and as an open problem it is addressed primarily from the point of view of criminology, criminal psychology and criminal law. Stalking as a socio-pathological phenomenon was enshrined in our legal order on September 1, 2011 in the form of a criminal offense of dangerous stalking, when the Slovak Republic was included among the countries where dangerous stalking is criminalized and classified as a crime. As the issue of the criminal act of dangerous stalking is very extensive and can be examined from several aspects, we focus more closely on stalking, from the point of view of forensic - psychiatric assessment of the perpetrator and the victim of this crime.

Pharmacological treatment is one of the most common methods of therapy in the elderly. However, it is often accompanied by various problems. Among the significant ones is also the lack of adherence and compliance of the senior, which results in complications and a reduction in the seniors quality of life. In eliminating problems and ensuring rational and safe pharmacotherapy, is very important the health literacy of the senior. In the article, we therefore present the importance of health literacy for pharmacological treatment, as well as information obtained from field research. The aim of the research was to find out what is the health literacy of pharmacotherapy among seniors in the community - in the districts of Ružomberok and Nové Mesto nad Váhom. The research methods were a semi-structured interview and participant observation. The research group consisted of 107 senior citizens living in the towns and villages of the mentioned districts. Based on the analysis of the results of qualitative methods, we identified areas that have an impact on the level of health literacy. These were a large number of medications, poor health status, side effects of drugs, but also social background and demographic characteristics.

Social assessment activity is a field of social work which, if it is to be carried out with quality, requires the professional competence of an expert who, in addition to theoretical knowledge and the application of basic methods and approaches of social work, also uses knowledge from the field of basic human rights and freedoms. Knowledge of human rights is especially necessary for the correct application of human rights documents, including the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. In the contribution, we point out the fact that without this knowledge, social assessment activities cannot be carried out in a high-quality manner. Acquiring knowledge in this area should be part of the lifelong education of a social worker.

The aim of the study is to explore the benefits and costs students consider in the context of goal achievement in connection with higher education. The sample consists of 114 grammar school students who indicated three universities representing their goals. In open-ended questions, they stated the benefits and costs if accepted or rejected by the university. Based on content analysis, we find that the gains associated with acceptance to a university include acquiring education, career prospects, and personal fulfilment. The gains associated with rejection include gaining time, experience, and other opportunities. Additionally, respondents mention perceiving no gains related to rejection. The costs of acceptance involve time, effort, and leaving home. The costs of rejection are linked to the need to exert effort, negative psychological consequences, and loss of education. The key findings highlight the negative impact on mental health and the disregard for the positives associated with rejection.

Stress experienced in the university environment contributes greatly to the development of psychopathological symptomatology. Students in health disciplines are exposed to high demands during their studies, which leads to the emergence of various stressful situations. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of perceived burden resulting from psychopathological symptoms and observed how this burden is related to different subsystems of psychological immunity. The study population consisted of undergraduate students from the Slovak Medical University (N = 210) aged 19 to 35 years (M = 21.18; SD = 2.81). The test battery consisted of questions to ascertain basic demographic data, the Psychological Immune Competence Inventory, and the SCL-90®-S inventory. Our results showed that a high proportion of students in our study population currently perceived clinically significant symptoms of psychopathology (80.95%), specifically symptoms of anxiety (60.95%), depression (65.71%), and interpersonal sensitivity (70.48%). The results also confirmed a statistically significant negative correlation between psychological immunity and current psychological distress. Our findings also serve to support the validity of the Psychological Immune System Model and correspond with the findings of the foreign studies conducted so far.

This post is dedicated to summarizing theoretical knowledge and empirical findings related to the transition to adulthood (20-29 years) in connection with the normative tasks of this period. The aim is to provide an overview of information on the perspective of the transition to adulthood and the issues of normative developmental tasks that are characteristic of this stage of life. In searching for an answer to the central question, the post addresses the importance of fulfilling these normative developmental tasks and analyzing criteria for adulthood.

In the article, we present the results of research in the field of social counseling, which was carried out in selected prison institutions and also in prison institutions and prison institutions in the Slovak Republic. In the research, accused and convicted persons were represented in the role of respondents, while we focused on examining the interest of imprisoned persons in individual areas of social counseling as well as their active use in penitentiary conditions in the context of the Slovak Republic.

Artephyletic activity is based on the idea that art can be a life-enriching process. Pedagogical and professional staff are realizing that drawing and other expressive media are helpful with students of all ages, with different types and degrees of disabilities, impairments or threats. In school and school facilities, artephyletic approaches and applications can be easily adapted to educational methods and forms of work with individuals, groups, classes and even families. Using these approaches, students produce all kinds of artefacts and other artistic products, which they subsequently comment on, reflect on and connect with their own life experiences. Artephiletic activities represent an excellent space for orientational pedagogical diagnosis. In the following article, we describe selected diagnostic tools that use drawing and creativity to reveal the strengths and weaknesses of students and even reveal their hidden problems and sorrows.

Artephyletics combines art and education and with its focus supports the development of students strengths and at the same time acts preventively against emotional and psychosocial problems. Slavík (2001) defines artephyletics as reflective, creative, and experiential education and therefore appears to be a suitable support method for students in inclusive education. It uses drawing, painting, and modelling techniques, with which students can learn to solve their own emotional problems, improve social skills, control behaviour, deal with stress and increase self-awareness. Creative artistic activity also creates a relaxation response and improves mood. The presented article explains the concept of artephyletics and offers the descriptions of possibilities of using this approach in inclusive education - especially in the education of pupils with special educational needs.

The aim of the paper is to identify and analyze the educational needs of activation workers working in homes for the elderly in accordance with the requirements for their adaptation to generational, social and technological development. Furthermore, modeling of the competence profile of activation workers in connection with the determination of the strategy of further professional education and development.

Alternative nutrition includes a wide range of ways of eating that differ from our usual or expertly recommended diet. The narrower the spectrum of "allowed" foods in a specific nutrition/diet, the less suitable is the given alternative direction in the supportive treatment of an oncological patient. In the post, we also deal with the most common alternative diets or ways of eating. We present the benefits of certain types of diet in the prevention of oncological diseases, but also the risks that the mentioned type of nutrition represents in the complex treatment of the patient. We offer analyzed data from scientific and professional articles on selected diets - ketogenic/low-carbohydrate, Gerson, Budwig diet, Breuss diet, but also on alternative ways of eating, veganism, vegetarianism, macrobiotics, etc. Through a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods - analysis of medical records, interviews with patients, case studies, we present data on the most commonly used diets of cancer patients in clinical practice. In case studies, we demonstrate the impact of alternative nutrition on the quality of life of cancer patients and its impact on managing the sides effects of treatment.

Truly natural, without unpleasant side effects and effective, these are the usual attributes of the various methods of alternative medicine. These promises mean hope for recovery for the sick and their loved ones, no matter how false they are. People know little about the risks associated with alternative medicine. Even the basic right of every patient, i.e. the right to a comprehensible explanation of the intended examination and proposed treatment with regard to the patients ability to understand and understand what awaits them, is routinely violated. The aim of this post is therefore to point out the possible consequences of alternative medicine, which is currently almost inaccessible and practiced without its effectiveness being scientifically proven.

To assess factors of organizational culture and the level of organizational culture of a health care facility on nurse turnover. Methodology and sample: 136 nurses participated in the study. The data were collected through a self-constructed questionnaire in the period September - November 2022. The answers were statistically processed.

Diseases of the musculoskeletal system are a frequent cause of reduced ability to work, early retirement from employment and reduced well-being. Knowledge of risk factors, whether individual or occurring in the workplace, is an important prerequisite for the creation of preventive strategies that will enable the prevalence of these disorders to be reduced.

This publication talks about further education of women on maternity or parental leave and after. The publication is divided into two parts, theoretical and empirical. The theoretical part generally deals with the overall concept of lifelong learning from an early age and its forms. The empirical part describes in detail the methodology of the research and interprets the analyzed data. These are quantitive research surveys. In the final discussion the findings are compared with the already existing knowledge and suggestions for further examination or new discussion are presented.

The paper focuses on people in their twenties - in young adulthood, for whom goals play an important role in shaping their identity. Young adults face significant social pressures and expectations to meet specific developmental milestones. Achieving these goals can be problematic or even impossible. Therefore, the aim of this article is to theoretically introduce the concept of action crisis in the context of achieving the goals of young adults and to point out that giving up on a goal can sometimes be adaptive.

Generation Z nurses have entered the practice, the labor market, and information and studies about this generational cohort will gradually increase. Currently, there are four generations of nurses in practice, and the challenge for managers is precisely the nurses of generation Z, who differ from previous generations in terms of their characteristics, values, and requirements. Knowing the specifics of Generation Z will help nursing managers plan for succession and prepare nurses to assume management positions.

The research of personality correlates of creativity was based mainly on the Big Five model or the Eysencks theory. Less attention was paid to the concept of affective neuroscience personality scales. The aim of the current study was to verify whether previous findings about the relationship between creativity and SEEKING can be generalized to the manifestations of creativity in real life. 200 participants were asked to fill out series of questionnaires online. Results showed positive relationships of SEEKING to both creative behaviour and creative achievement. Findings are further discussed.

Currently, colorectal cancer remains one of the most common oncological diseases. Unfavorable intestinal microflora produces conditions in the gut microfloras unique environment that emerges tumor progression. Continuously consumption of probiotic cultures in the diet has a beneficial effect on the prevention of colorectal cancer. Our article focuses on the mechanisms of dietary probiotic cultures to inhibit colon carcinogenicity.

This paper is a brief summary of basic knowledge about menopause, unwanted side effects of postmenopause and their impact on womens quality of life. In addition, we offer an overview of therapeutic options for postmenopausal symptoms.

Aggression does not bypass any age group or place and affects the elderly equally. The professional article focuses on the aggressiveness of clients in a facility for seniors, where the specific task of social workers is to mitigate the aggressiveness of clients and ensure conditions and activities that would create a pleasant atmosphere and improved survival for seniors. When reading this professional article, it is necessary to take into account the fact that the presented text largely presents the opinions, experiences and attitudes of the author.